Happy Holidays everyone!
So, my course is finished this weekend. I hope I did well... I am waiting for the final results. Anyhow, I plan to study on my own starting from January first, so I can write this exam in Summer. ...
Happy Holidays
Tuesday, December 25, 2012
Friday, October 12, 2012
Project Communication Plan
This plan comprises of:
•What information needs to be
collected
and when?
•Who will receive the information?
•What methods will be used to
gather
and store information?
•What are the limits, if any, on
who has access to certain kinds of information?
•When will the information be
communicated?
•How will it be communicated?
Information Needs are:
•Project status reports
•Deliverable issues
•Changes in scope
•Team status meetings
•Gating...
Wednesday, October 10, 2012
Responsibility Matrices
•Responsibility Matrix (RM)
–Also
called a linear responsibility chart.
–Summarizes
the tasks to be accomplished and who is responsible for what on the project.
•Lists
project activities and participants.
•Clarifies
critical interfaces between units
and individuals that need coordination.
•Provide
an means for all participants to view their responsibilities and agree on their
assignments.
•Clarifies
the extent or type of authority that
can be exercised by each participant.
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Saturday, October 6, 2012
Costs
Types of Costs
•Direct Costs
–Costs
that are clearly chargeable
to a specific work package.
•Labor, materials, equipment, and
other
•Direct (Project) Overhead Costs
–Costs
incurred that are directly tied to an identifiable project deliverable or work
package.
•Salary, rents, supplies,
specialized machinery
•General and Administrative
Overhead Costs
–Organization
costs indirectly linked to a specific package that are apportioned to the
project
•Reasons for Adjusting Estimates
–Interaction
costs are hidden in estimates.
–Normal
conditions...
Friday, October 5, 2012
Top-Down and Bottom-Up Estimates
•Level of detail is different for
different levels of management.
•Level of detail in the WBS varies
with the complexity of the project.
•Excessive detail is costly.
–Fosters
a focus on departmental outcomes
–Creates
unproductive paperwork
•Insufficient detail is costly.
–Lack
of focus on goals
–Wasted
effort on nonessential activities...
Bottom-Up Approaches for Estimating Project Times and Costs
•Template methods
•Parametric procedures applied to
specific tasks
•Range estimates for
the WBS work packages
•Phase estimating: A hybri...
Top-Down Approaches for Estimating Project Times and Costs
•Consensus methods
•Ratio methods
•Apportion method
•Function point methods for
software and system projects
•Learning curve...
Top-Down versus Bottom-Up Estimating
•Top-Down Estimates
–Are
usually are derived from someone who uses experience and/or information to
determine the project duration and total cost.
–Are
made by top managers who have little knowledge of the processes used to
complete the project.
•Bottom-Up Approach
–Can
serve as a check on cost elements in the WBS
by rolling up the work packages and associated cost accounts to major
deliverables at the work package level.
Estimating Projects: Preferred Approach
•Make rough top-down estimates.
•Develop the WBS/OBS.
•Make bottom-up...
Thursday, October 4, 2012
PERT—Program Evaluation Review Technique
•Assumes each activity duration
has a range that statistically follows a beta distribution.
•Uses three time estimates for
each activity: optimistic, pessimistic, and a weighted average to represent
activity durations.
–Knowing
the weighted average and variances for each activity allows the project planner
to compute the probability of meeting different project durations.
...
Benefits of a Change Control System
1.Inconsequential changes are
discouraged
by the formal process.
2.Costs of changes are maintained
in a log.
3.Integrity of the WBS and
performance measures
is maintained.
4.Allocation and use of budget and
management reserve funds are tracked.
5.Responsibility for implementation
is clarified.
6.Effect of changes is visible to
all parties involved.
7.Implementation of change is
monitored.
8.Scope changes will be quickly
reflected in baseline and performance measures.
...
Risk - Change Control System Process
1.Identify proposed changes.
2.List expected effects of proposed
changes
on schedule and budget.
3.Review, evaluate, and approve or
disapprove
of changes formally.
4.Negotiate and resolve conflicts
of change, condition, and cost.
5.Communicate changes to parties
affected.
6.Assign responsibility for
implementing change.
7.Adjust master schedule and
budget.
8.Track all changes that are to be
implemented
...
Risk Management Benefits
•A proactive rather than reactive
approach.
•Reduces surprises and negative
consequences.
•Prepares the project manager to
take advantage
of appropriate risks.
•Provides better control over the
future.
•Improves chances of reaching
project performance objectives within budget and on time.
•Step 1: Risk Identification
–Generate
a list of possible risks through brainstorming, problem identification and risk
profiling.
•Macro risks first,...
Wednesday, October 3, 2012
Estimating Projects
Estimating Projects
•Estimating
–The
process of forecasting or approximating the time and cost of completing project
deliverables.
–The
task of balancing expectations of stakeholders and need for control while the
project is implemented.
•Types of Estimates
–Top-down
(macro) estimates: analogy, group consensus, or mathematical relationships
–Bottom-up
(micro) estimates: estimates of elements
of the work breakdown structure
Importance...
Tuesday, October 2, 2012
WBS
*
This breakdown groups work packages by type of work within a deliverable and
allows assignment of responsibility to an organizational unit. This extra step
facilitates a system for monitoring project progress
•WBS
–Facilitates
evaluation of cost, time, and technical performance of the organization on a
project.
–Provides
management with information appropriate
to each organizational level.
–Helps
in the development of the organization...
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